====== Firewalld ======
[[https://firewalld.org/|firewalld]] is a firewall daemon developed by Red Hat. It uses nftables by default.
Firewalld provides a dynamically managed firewall with support for network/firewall zones that define the trust level of network connections or interfaces. It has support for IPv4, IPv6 firewall settings, ethernet bridges and IP sets. There is a separation of runtime and permanent configuration options. It also provides an interface for services or applications to add firewall rules directly.
===== Packages =====
pacman -S firewalld ipset
===== Start =====
systemctl enable --now firewalld.service
===== Add & remove =====
After every change firewalld should always be reloaded:
firewall-cmd --reload
==== interface ====
firewall-cmd --change-interface=YOUR-INTERFACE --zone=home --permanent
or
firewall-cmd --add-interface=YOUR-INTERFACE --zone=home --permanent
firewall-cmd --remove-interface=YOUR-INTERFACE --zone=home --permanent
or
nmcli connection show
nmcli connection modify 'NAME' connection.zone home
Check your interface name/s with ''%%ip -o addr show scope global | awk '{print $2}'%%''.
==== service ====
Check if the favoured service is available by default ''ls /usr/lib/firewalld/services/'' or ''ls /usr/lib/firewalld/services/ | grep 'YOUR-SERVICE''. Otherwise, you have to [[#custom_made|create your own]].
firewall-cmd --add-service=kdeconnect --zone=home --permanent
firewall-cmd --remove-service=dhcpv6-client --zone=home --permanent
=== custom made ===
firewall-cmd --new-service=YOUR-NEW-SERVICE --permanent
firewall-cmd --service=YOUR-NEW-SERVICE --set-description=YOUR-NEW-SERVICE --permanent
firewall-cmd --service=YOUR-NEW-SERVICE --set-short=YNS --permanent
firewall-cmd --service=YOUR-NEW-SERVICE --add-port=1234/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --add-service=YOUR-NEW-SERVICE --zone=home --permanent
==== port ====
firewall-cmd --add-port=80/tcp --zone=home --permanent
firewall-cmd --remove-port=80/tcp --zone=home --permanent
=== forwarding ===
firewall-cmd --add-forward-port=port=12345:proto=tcp:toport=22:toaddr=192.168.1.50 --zone=home --permanent
firewall-cmd --remove-forward-port=port=12345:proto=tcp:toport=22:toaddr=192.168.1.50 --zone=home --permanent
==== zone ====
firewall-cmd --new-zone=YOUR-ZONE --permanent
firewall-cmd --delete-zone=YOUR-ZONE --permanent
==== masquerade ====
firewall-cmd --add-masquerade --zone=home --permanent
firewall-cmd --remove-masquerade --zone=home --permanent
==== new policy ====
firewall-cmd --new-policy NAT_int_to_ext --permanent
firewall-cmd --policy NAT_int_to_ext --add-ingress-zone wireguard --permanent
firewall-cmd --policy NAT_int_to_ext --add-egress-zone home --permanent
firewall-cmd --policy NAT_int_to_ext --set-target ACCEPT --permanent
Based on [[/en/server/services/wireguard]].
===== List =====
==== active zones ====
firewall-cmd --get-active-zones
==== zones ====
firewall-cmd --list-all-zones
firewall-cmd --info-zone=home
==== interface ====
firewall-cmd --get-zone-of-interface=YOUR-INTERFACE
Check your interface name/s with ''%%ip -o addr show scope global | awk '{print $2}'%%''.
==== services ====
firewall-cmd --get-services
firewall-cmd --list-services --zone=home
firewall-cmd --info-service YOUR-SERVICE
**Self created**:
ls /etc/firewalld/services/
**Default**:
ls /usr/lib/firewalld/services/
==== ports ====
firewall-cmd --list-ports --zone=home
==== rich rules ====
firewall-cmd --list-rich-rules --zone=home
==== policies ====
ls /usr/lib/firewalld/policies/
ls /etc/firewalld/policies/
===== Desktop tray =====
Only if you are running a desktop environment on your server or for your desktop computer.
The GUI can also be useful if you need to quickly change zones at specific network locations.
python-pyqt6
firewall-applet
nano ~/.config/firewall/applet.conf
[General]
notifications=true
show-inactive=true
===== Change runtime to permanent =====
The permanent option ''%%--permanent%%'' can be used to set options permanently. These changes are not effective immediately, only after service restart/reload or system reboot. Without the ''%%--permanent%%'' option, a change will only be part of the ''%%--runtime%%'' configuration.
firewall-cmd --runtime-to-permanent